What is a false dichotomy? It sounds complicated, but really it is not. A false dichotomy involves presenting someone with two choices, but the two choices are rigged in the presenter's favor. The reason we call it a "false" dichotomy is that you really have more than just the options presented, but the presenter is tricking you into focusing on just those two options. By making you focus on just those two options, the presenter is trying to trick you into making a choice that is favorable to their point of view.
So before I move on I want to explain how this trick can be so effective. The first reason is fear. Triggering fear makes it harder to think. When you become afraid, you can only think in two terms, fight or flight. So, oftentimes one of the two options in a false dichotomy is meant to trigger fear. It makes it harder for you to think clearly. The second reason is that it is easier to define yourself by what you are against. By giving you two choices, the presenter can use what you are against to drive you toward the option the presenter wants you to pick. A simple example would be me telling you, “Donate to my charity, or this group that you dislike will win.” I am basically using the your fear or distaste for a certain group(lets call them Group X) to manipulate you into donating. The truth is that I cannot prove that your donation will have any real effect on stopping the plans of Group X, and there may be better ways to accomplish your goal of stopping Group X without donating to me personally, but I am more likely to get a donation by drawing your attention away from these other options and keeping you focus on a me or them decision. So why is this important to you as a Christian?
First, we must be careful not to do this. Like it or not, we live in a complicated world, and we simply cannot simplify everything down to simple A or B choices. Even something as simple as “Thou shall not kill” can be very complicated. In context, it is often interpreted as “Thou shall not murder”, which allows for justified killing in self defense, and as we have seen in recent events, different people can have very different ideas of what it takes to justify taking the life of another human being. So wrapped up in a seemingly simple commandment we reasonably have everything from “Killing another person is always wrong.” to “You can kill another person if you feel like you are in danger.” Just presenting two options out of that range would be grossly misleading at best. What is worse, is that we can do this to ourselves. When faced with a problem, we can fixate on there only being two options. “God isn’t answering my prayers, he must be mad at me.” is the kind of logic that that happens when we put ourselves in a false dichotomy. The two choices are God is mad at me or God isn’t mad at me and since God isn’t answering my prayers, he must be mad at me. The option we miss is that some of the things we pray for are not in our own best interest, and God loves us enough to say no to those requests.
Second, this is the kind of trick the world loves to use on unwary Christians. “Look at all of these amazing things that scientific progress has brought. Cars, computers, cellphones, and putting a man on the moon are just a few of the miracles of science. Think of progress that could be made if we didn’t have all these silly religious superstitions holding us back. When are you Christians going to stop holding us back, and get with the program?” Sound familiar? You either choose Science, or you choose God, easy choice right? It is a lose/lose choice. What the presenter is really trying to do is get you to renounce your faith, or keep it out of the public sphere. This false dichotomy has largely banished the discussion of the Gospel from large parts of our culture. There are plenty of sincere followers of Christ who also practice Science without hesitation. After all, if God created this world, and the Scientific Method is hands down the best tool we have come up for understanding the world, why would we use anything less than the best tools available to explore the wonders that God has made?
There are times when there really are only two choices. For example, you either love God above everything else, or you don’t. The problem comes when we make unwise choices because we don’t look at all of our options. The answer is to seek to see the world the way God’s sees it. We should try to see things from God point of view, and to present that point of view to others.
“Ask and it will be given to you; seek and you will find; knock and the door will be opened to you. For everyone who asks receives; the one who seeks finds; and to the one who knocks, the door will be opened.” - Matthew 7:7-8